Joan of Arc Biography: Life, History, and Legacy of the Maid of Orléans
Introduction
Joan of Arc, also known as Jeanne d’Arc, is one of the most inspiring figures in world history. Born into humble beginnings, she rose to become a French national heroine and a saint. Her courage, faith, and leadership during the Hundred Years’ War made her a symbol of patriotism and divine inspiration. This biography of Joan of Arc explores her early life, military achievements, trial, and lasting legacy.
Joan of Arc’s Personal History
Around 1412, Joan of Arc was born in the northeastern French hamlet of Domrémy. Jacques d’Arc and Isabelle Romée, modest farmers who were devout Catholics, were her parents. Joan was well-known for her religiosity and strong sense of duty from a young age.
Joan said that when she was thirteen, she was given instructions by Saint Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret to back Charles VII and assist in freeing France from English rule.
And the Divine Mission of Joan of Arc
Joan left her home in 1429, believing that her mission was God’s will, to meet with France’s Dauphin, Charles VII.
the Dauphin of France. Her faith and determination convinced him to allow her to accompany the French army to Orléans, a city under siege by the English.
Under her spiritual leadership, the French forces achieved a miraculous victory. This triumph turned the tide of the war and led to Charles VII’s corona
tion at Reims, with Joan standing proudly by his side. From that moment, she became known as the “Maid of Orléans.”
Capture and Trial
During a battle in Compiègne in 1430, Joan was taken prisoner by Burgundian forces, who were English allies. The English confiscated her and charged her with heresy, witchcraft, and cross-dressing (since she wore male armor).
Joan was just 19 years old when she was found guilty and executed at the stake in Rouen on May 30, 1431, following months of incarceration and questioning. She reportedly said the name of Jesus as she passed away, demonstrating her unwavering faith till her very last breath.
Posthumous Recognition and Sainthood
In 1456, a retrial ordered by Pope Callixtus III declared Joan innocent and recognized her as a martyr. Centuries later, the Catholic Church officially canonized her as Saint Joan of Arc on May 16, 1920.
Today, Joan of Arc stands as a symbol of faith, courage, and national pride, and she remains one of France’s most beloved saints.
Legacy of Joan of Arc
Joan’s story continues to inspire people around the world. She has been the subject of countless books, films, plays, and artworks, representing resilience, bravery, and unwavering belief in one’s mission.
Her legacy is celebrated annually on May 30, known as Joan of Arc Day in France. Her name lives on as a symbol of strength, devotion, and the power of conviction.